其他
- 所属类别:【其他】索引号:
- 发文日期:1994/5/12发文机构:
- 名称:中华人民共和国国家赔偿法(附英文)
- 有效性:有效文号:主席令1994第23号
中华人民共和国国家赔偿法(附英文)
中华人民共和国国家赔偿法(附英文)中华人民共和国主席令第23号 《中华人民共和国国家赔偿法》已由中华人民共和国第八届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第七次会议于1994年5月12日通过,现予公布,自1995年1月1日起施行。 中华人民共和国主席江泽民 1994年5月12日 1994年5月12日第八届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第七次会议通过 目录 第一章总则 第二章行政赔偿 第一节赔偿范围 第二节赔偿请求人和赔偿义务机关 第三节赔偿程序 第三章刑事赔偿 第一节赔偿范围 第二节赔偿请求人和赔偿义务机关 第三节赔偿程序 第四章赔偿方式和计算标准 第五章其他规定 第六章附则 第一章总则 第一条为保障公民、法人和其他组织享有依法取得国家赔偿的权利,促进国家机关依法行使职权,根据宪法,制定本法。 第二条国家机关和国家机关工作人员违法行使职权侵犯公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益造成损害的,受害人有依照本法取得国家赔偿的权利。 国家赔偿由本法规定的赔偿义务机关履行赔偿义务。 第二章行政赔偿 第一节赔偿范围 第三条行政机关及其工作人员在行使行政职权时有下列侵犯人身权情形之一的,受害人有取得赔偿的权利: (一)违法拘留或者违法采取限制公民人身自由的行政强制措施的; (二)非法拘禁或者以其他方法非法剥夺公民人身自由的; (三)以殴打等暴力行为或者唆使他人以殴打等暴力行为造成公民身体伤害或者死亡的; (四)违法使用武器、警械造成公民身体伤害或者死亡的; (五)造成公民身体伤害或者死亡的其他违法行为。 第四条行政机关及其工作人员在行使行政职权时有下列侵犯财产权情形之一的,受害人有取得赔偿的权利: (一)违法实施罚款、吊销许可证和执照、责令停产停业、没收财物等行政处罚的; (二)违法对财产采取查封、扣押、冻结等行政强制措施的; (三)违反国家规定征收财物、摊派费用的; (四)造成财产损害的其他违法行为。 第五条属于下列情形之一的,国家不承担赔偿责任: (一)行政机关工作人员与行使职权无关的个人行为; (二)因公民、法人和其他组织自己的行为致使损害发生的; (三)法律规定的其他情形。 第二节赔偿请求人和赔偿义务机关 第六条受害的公民、法人或者其他组织有权要求赔偿。 受害的公民死亡,其继承人和其他有扶养关系的亲属有权要求赔偿。 受害的法人或者其他组织终止,承受其权利的法人或者其他组织有权要求赔偿。 第七条行政机关及其工作人员行使行政职权侵犯公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益造成损害的,该行政机关为赔偿义务机关。 两个以上行政机关共同行使行政职权时侵犯公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益造成损害的,共同行使行政职权的行政机关为共同赔偿义务机关。 法律、法规授权的组织在行使授予的行政权力时侵犯公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益造成损害的,被授权的组织为赔偿义务机关。 受行政机关委托的组织或者个人在行使受委托的行政权力时侵犯公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益造成损害的,委托的行政机关为赔偿义务机关。 赔偿义务机关被撤销的,继续行使其职权的行政机关为赔偿义务机关;没有继续行使其职权的行政机关的,撤销该赔偿义务机关的行政机关为赔偿义务机关。 第八条经复议机关复议的,最初造成侵权行为的行政机关为赔偿义务机关,但复议机关的复议决定加重损害的,复议机关对加重的部分履行赔偿义务。 第三节赔偿程序 第九条赔偿义务机关对依法确认有本法第三条、第四条规定的情形之一的,应当给予赔偿。 赔偿请求人要求赔偿应当先向赔偿义务机关提出,也可以在申请行政复议和提起行政诉讼时一并提出。 第十条赔偿请求人可以向共同赔偿义务机关中的任何一个赔偿义务机关要求赔偿,该赔偿义务机关应当先予赔偿。 第十一条赔偿请求人根据受到的不同损害,可以同时提出数项赔偿要求。 第十二条要求赔偿应当递交申请书,申请书应当载明下列事项: (一)受害人的姓名、性别、年龄、工作单位和住所,法人或者其他组织的名称、住所和法定代表人或者主要负责人的姓名、职务; (二)具体的要求、事实根据和理由; (三)申请的年、月、日。 赔偿请求人书写申请书确有困难的,可以委托他人代书;也可以口头申请,由赔偿义务机关记入笔录。 第十三条赔偿义务机关应当自收到申请之日起两个月内依照本法第四章的规定给予赔偿;逾期不予赔偿或者赔偿请求人对赔偿数额有异议的,赔偿请求人可以自期间届满之日起三个月内向人民法院提起诉讼。 第十四条赔偿义务机关赔偿损失后,应当责令有故意或者重大过失的工作人员或者受委托的组织或者个人承担部分或者全部赔偿费用。 对有故意或者重大过失的责任人员,有关机关应当依法给予行政处分;构成犯罪的,应当依法追究刑事责任。 第三章刑事赔偿 第一节赔偿范围 第十五条行使侦查、检察、审判、监狱管理职权的机关及其工作人员在行使职权时有下列侵犯人身权情形之一的,受害人有取得赔偿的权利: (一)对没有犯罪事实或者没有事实证明有犯罪重大嫌疑的人错误拘留的; (二)对没有犯罪事实的人错误逮捕的; (三)依照审判监督程序再审改判无罪,原判刑罚已经执行的; (四)刑讯逼供或者以殴打等暴力行为或者唆使他人以殴打等暴力行为造成公民身体伤害或者死亡的; (五)违法使用武器、警械造成公民身体伤害或者死亡的。 第十六条行使侦查、检察、审判、监狱管理职权的机关及其工作人员在行使职权时有下列侵犯财产权情形之一的,受害人有取得赔偿的权利: (一)违法对财产采取查封、扣押、冻结、追缴等措施的; (二)依照审判监督程序再审改判无罪,原判罚金、没收财产已经执行的。 第十七条属于下列情形之一的,国家不承担赔偿责任: (一)因公民自己故意作虚伪供述,或者伪造其他有罪证据被羁押或者被判处刑罚的; (二)依照刑法第十四条、第十五条规定不负刑事责任的人被羁押的; (三)依照刑事诉讼法第十一条规定不追究刑事责任的人被羁押的; (四)行使国家侦查、检察、审判、监狱管理职权的机关的工作人员与行使职权无关的个人行为; (五)因公民自伤、自残等故意行为致使损害发生的; (六)法律规定的其他情形。 第二节赔偿请求人和赔偿义务机关 第十八条赔偿请求人的确定依照本法第六条的规定。 第十九条行使国家侦查、检察、审判、监狱管理职权的机关及其工作人员在行使职权时侵犯公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益造成损害的,该机关为赔偿义务机关。 对没有犯罪事实或者没有事实证明有犯罪重大嫌疑的人错误拘留的,作出拘留决定的机关为赔偿义务机关。 对没有犯罪事实的人错误逮捕的,作出逮捕决定的机关为赔偿义务机关。 再审改判无罪的,作出原生效判决的人民法院为赔偿义务机关。二审改判无罪的,作出一审判决的人民法院和作出逮捕决定的机关为共同赔偿义务机关。 第三节赔偿程序 第二十条赔偿义务机关对依法确认有本法第十五条、第十六条规定的情形之一的,应当给予赔偿。 赔偿请求人要求确认有本法第十五条、第十六条规定情形之一的,被要求的机关不予确认的,赔偿请求人有权申诉。 赔偿请求人要求赔偿,应当先向赔偿义务机关提出。 赔偿程序适用本法第十条、第十一条、第十二条的规定。 第二十一条赔偿义务机关应当自收到申请之日起两个月内依照本法第四章的规定给予赔偿;逾期不予赔偿或者赔偿请求人对赔偿数额有异议的,赔偿请求人可以自期间届满之日起三十日内向其上一级机关申请复议。 赔偿义务机关是人民法院的,赔偿请求人可以依照前款规定向其上一级人民法院赔偿委员会申请作出赔偿决定。 第二十二条复议机关应当自收到申请之日起两个月内作出决定。 赔偿请求人不服复议决定的,可以在收到复议决定之日起三十日内向复议机关所在地的同级人民法院赔偿委员会申请作出赔偿决定;复议机关逾期不作决定的,赔偿请求人可以自期间届满之日起三十日内向复议机关所在地的同级人民法院赔偿委员会申请作出赔偿决定。 第二十三条中级以上的人民法院设立赔偿委员会,由人民法院三名至七名审判员组成。 赔偿委员会作赔偿决定,实行少数服从多数的原则。 赔偿委员会作出的赔偿决定,是发生法律效力的决定,必须执行。 第二十四条赔偿义务机关赔偿损失后,应当向有下列情形之一的工作人员追偿部分或者全部赔偿费用: (一)有本法第十五条第(四)、(五)项规定情形的; (二)在处理案件中有贪污受贿,徇私舞弊,枉法裁判行为的。 对有前款(一)、(二)项规定情形的责任人员,有关机关应当依法给予行政处分;构成犯罪的,应当依法追究刑事责任。 第四章赔偿方式和计算标准 第二十五条国家赔偿以支付赔偿金为主要方式。 能够返还财产或者恢复原状的,予以返还财产或者恢复原状。 第二十六条侵犯公民人身自由的,每日的赔偿金按照国家上年度职工日平均工资计算。 第二十七条侵犯公民生命健康权的,赔偿金按照下列规定计算: (一)造成身体伤害的,应当支付医疗费,以及赔偿因误工减少的收入。减少的收入每日的赔偿金按照国家上年度职工日平均工资计算,最高额为国家上年度职工年平均工资的五倍; (二)造成部分或者全部丧失劳动能力的,应当支付医疗费,以及残疾赔偿金,残疾赔偿金根据丧失劳动能力的程度确定,部分丧失劳动能力的最高额为国家上年度职工年平均工资的十倍,全部丧失劳动能力的为国家上年度职工年平均工资的二十倍。造成全部丧失劳动能力的,对其扶养的无劳动能力的人,还应当支付生活费; (三)造成死亡的,应当支付死亡赔偿金、丧葬费,总额为国家上年度职工年平均工资的二十倍。对死者生前扶养的无劳动能力的人,还应当支付生活费。 前款第(二)、(三)项规定的生活费的发放标准参照当地民政部门有关生活救济的规定办理。被扶养的人是未成年人的,生活费给付至十八周岁止;其他无劳动能力的人,生活费给付至死亡时止。 第二十八条侵犯公民、法人和其他组织的财产权造成损害的,按照下列规定处理: (一)处罚款、罚金、追缴、没收财产或者违反国家规定征收财物、摊派费用的,返还财产; (二)查封、扣押、冻结财产的,解除对财产的查封、扣押、冻结,造成财产损坏或者灭失的,依照本条第(三)、(四)项的规定赔偿; (三)应当返还的财产损坏的,能够恢复原状的恢复原状,不能恢复原状的,按照损害程度给付相应的赔偿金; (四)应当返还的财产灭失的,给付相应的赔偿金; (五)财产已经拍卖的,给付拍卖所得的价款; (六)吊销许可证和执照、责令停产停业的,赔偿停产停业期间必要的经常性费用开支; (七)对财产权造成其他损害的,按照直接损失给予赔偿。 第二十九条赔偿费用,列入各级财政预算,具体办法由国务院规定。 第五章其他规定 第三十条赔偿义务机关对依法确认有本法第三条第(一)、(二)项、第十五条第(一)、(二)、(三)项情形之一,并造成受害人名誉权、荣誉权损害的,应当在侵权行为影响的范围内,为受害人消除影响,恢复名誉,赔礼道歉。 第三十一条人民法院在民事诉讼、行政诉讼过程中,违法采取对妨害诉讼的强制措施、保全措施或者对判决、裁定及其他生效法律文书执行错误,造成损害的,赔偿请求人要求赔偿的程序,适用本法刑事赔偿程序的规定。 第三十二条赔偿请求人请求国家赔偿的时效为两年,自国家机关及其工作人员行使职权时的行为被依法确认为违法之日起计算,但被羁押期间不计算在内。 赔偿请求人在赔偿请求时效的最后六个月内,因不可抗力或者其他障碍不能行使请求权的,时效中止。从中止时效的原因消除之日起,赔偿请求时效期间继续计算。 第三十三条外国人、外国企业和组织在中华人民共和国领域内要求中华人民共和国国家赔偿的,适用本法。 外国人、外国企业和组织的所属国对中华人民共和国公民、法人和其他组织要求该国国家赔偿的权利不予保护或者限制的,中华人民共和国与该外国人、外国企业和组织的所属国实行对等原则。 第六章附则 第三十四条赔偿请求人要求国家赔偿的,赔偿义务机关、复议机关和人民法院不得向赔偿请求人收取任何费用。 对赔偿请求人取得的赔偿金不予征税。 第三十五条本法自1995年1月1日起施行。 附:法律有关条文一、刑法 第十四条已满十六岁的人犯罪,应当负刑事责任。 已满十四岁不满十六岁的人,犯杀人、重伤、抢劫、放火、惯窃罪或者其他严重破坏社会秩序罪,应当负刑事责任。 已满十四岁不满十八岁的人犯罪,应当从轻或者减轻处罚。 因不满十六岁不处罚的,责令他的家长或者监护人加以管教;在必要的时候,也可以由政府收容教养。 第十五条精神病人在不能辨认或者不能控制自己行为的时候造成危害结果的,不负刑事责任;但是应当责令他的家属或者监护人严加看管和医疗。 间歇性的精神病人在精神正常的时候犯罪,应当负刑事责任。 醉酒的人犯罪,应当负刑事责任。二、刑事诉讼法 第十一条有下列情形之一的,不追究刑事责任,已经追究的,应当撤销案件,或者不起诉,或者宣告无罪: (一)情节显著轻微、危害不大,不认为是犯罪的; (二)犯罪已过追诉时效期限的; (三)经特赦令免除刑罚的; (四)依照刑法告诉才处理的犯罪,没有告诉或者撤回告诉的; (五)被告人死亡的; (六)其他法律、法令规定免予追究刑事责任的。 LawofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaonStateCompensation (AdoptedonMay12,1994attheSeventhSessionoftheStandingCommittee of theEighthNational People’s Congressand promulgatedon thesame day) Wholedocument LawofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaonStateCompensation (AdoptedonMay12,1994attheSeventhSessionoftheStanding CommitteeoftheEighthNationalPeople’sCongressandpromulgatedonthe sameday) Chapter1GeneralPrinciples Article1 InconformitywiththeConstitution,thisLawisenactedtoprotect citizens,legalpersonsandotherorganizationstoenjoytherightto compensationbythestateandtopromotethestateorganstoexercise theirfunctionsandpowersinaccordancewithlaw. Article2 Ifastateorganoramemberofitspersonnel,whenexercising functionsandpowersinviolationofthelaw,infringesuponthelawful rightsandinterestsofacitizen,legalpersonorotherorganizationand causesdamagestheaggrievedpersonshallhavetherighttorecover damagesfromthestateinaccordancewiththisLaw. Theobligationsofstatecompensationshallbeperformedbytheorgans undercompensatoryobligationsstipulatedbythisLaw. Chapter2AdministrativeCompensation Section1:ScopeofCompensation Article3 Theaggrievedpersonshallhavetherighttorecoverdamagesinoneof thefollowingcircumstanceswhereanadministrativeorganoritspersonnel infringesuponhispersonalrightswhenexercisingfunctionsandpowers: (1)wherethereisunlawfuldetentionoranunlawfulcompulsory administrativemeasuretorestrictthepersonalfreedomofacitizen; (2)wherethereisunlawfulcustodyorotherwiseunlawfuldeprivation ofthepersonalfreedomofacitizen; (3)wheresuchviolentactasbatteryorabettingothersinbattery causesbodilyinjurytoordeceaseofacitizen; (4)wheretheuseofweaponorpoliceapparatusinviolationoflaws causesbodilyinjurytoordeceaseofacitizen;or (5)otherunlawfulactswhichcausebodilyinjurytoordeceaseofa citizen. Article4 Theaggrievedpersonshallhavetherighttorecoverdamagesinoneof thefollowingcircumstanceswhereanadministrativeorganoritspersonnel infringesuponhispropertyrightwhenexercisingitsfunctionsand powers: (1)imposinganadministrativepunishmentinviolationofthelaw, suchasfining,revocationofapermitorlicense,ordertosuspend productionorbusinessoperationorconfiscationofpropertyandarticle; (2)takingacompulsoryadministrativemeasureinviolationofthelaw suchassealingup,distrainingorfreezingofproperty; (3)expropriatingpropertyandarticleorapportioningexpensesin violationofrulesandregulationsofthestate;or (4)otherunlawfulactswhichcausedamagetoproperty. Article5 Thestateshallnotbeliableforcompensationinoneofthefollowing circumstances: (1)wherethepersonalactbypersonnelofthestateorgan,whichdoes notrelatetohisexerciseoffunctionsandpowers; (2)wheretheactbyacitizen,legalpersonorotherorganization itselfcausesdamage;or (3)othersituationsasprovidedforbylaw. Section2:ClaimantforCompensationandOrgansforcompensatoryObligations Article6 Theaggrievedcitizen,legalpersonorotherorganizationshallhave therighttoclaimcompensation. Wheretheaggrievedcitizenisdeceased,hissuccessororother relativeswithmaintenancerelationshallhavetherighttoclaim compensation. Wheretheaggrievedlegalpersonorotherorganizationhasterminated, thelegalpersonorotherorganizationwhichsucceedsitsrightsshall havetherighttoclaimcompensation. Article7 Whereanadministrativeorgananditspersonnelinfringeuponthe lawfulrightsandinterestsofacitizen,alegalpersonorother organizationandcausedamagewhenexercisingitsadministrativefunctions andpowers,theorganshallberesponsibleforfulfillingcompensatory obligations. Twoadministrativeorgansormorewhichinfringeuponthelawful rightsandinterestsofacitizen,legalpersonorotherorganizationand causedamagewhenexercisingtheirjointadministrativefunctionsand powers,shallbetheorgansunderjointcompensatoryobligations. Anorganizationauthorizedbylawwhichinfringesuponthelawful rightsandinterestsofacitizen,legalpersonorotherorganizationand causesdamagewhenexercisingitsauthorizedadministrativepowers,shall betheorganundercompensatoryobligations. Anorganizationorindividualentrustedbyanadministrativeorgan infringesuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofacitizen,legalperson orotherorganizationandcausesdamagewhenexercisingtheentrusted administrativepowers,shallbetheorganundercompensatoryobligations. Wheretheorganforcompensatoryobligationhasbeenabolished,the administrativeorganthatcontinuestoexercisetheabolishedorgan’s functionsandpowersshallbetheorganundercompensatoryobligation; wherethereisnosuchacontinuedadministrativeorgan,the administrativeorganthatdidtheabolishmentshallbetheorganunder compensatoryobligations. Article8 Wherethecasehasbeenreconsideredbytheorganunder reconsideration,theadministrativeorganwhichcausedtheinitialdamage shallbetheorganundercompensatoryobligations;wherethe reconsiderationdecisionbytheorganforreconsiderationaggravatesthe damage,theorganforreconsiderationshallbeliableforthedamage resultingfromtheaggravationpart. Section3:ProcedureofCompensation Article9 Theorganforcompensatoryobligationsshallpaycompensationinone ofthecircumstancesasprovidedforinArticle3andArticle4ofthis Lawonceconfirmedinaccordancewithlaw. Aclaimantshall,first,fileaclaimforcompensationwithanorgan undercompensatoryobligationsandmay,inthemeantime,fileaclaim whenapplyingforanadministrativereconsiderationandinstitutingan administrativeprocedure. Article10 Aclaimantmayclaimcompensationfromanyoneoftheorgansunder jointcompensatoryobligationsandthesaidorganundercompensatory obligationsshallpaycompensationfirst. Article11 Theclaimantmay,dependingondifferentinjuriessuffered,file severalclaimsforcompensation. Article12 Theclaimforcompensationshallbefiledbypresentingan application,whichshallcontainthefollowingcontents: (1)name,sex,age,employerandaddressoftheclaimant,nameand addressofthelegalpersonorotherorganizationandnameandpostofits legalrepresentativeormainpersonincharge; (2)thespecificclaim,factualbasisandreasons;and (3)thedateofapplication. Wheretheclaimanthasdifficultyinwritingtheapplication,the claimantmayentrustitwithotherpersonsorfileaverbalapplication, whichshallberecordedinwritingbytheorganundercompensatory obligations. Article13 Theorganundercompensatoryobligationsshall,within2monthsfrom thedateofreceiptoftheapplication,paycompensationinaccordance withtheprovisionsofChapter4ofthisLaw;incaseoffailurebyitto paycompensationwithinthespecificperiod,orwheretheclaimantisnot satisfiedwiththeamountofcompensation,theclaimantmay,within3 monthsfromthedateofexpirationoftheperiod,bringanactionina people’scourt. Article14 Afterpayingcompensation,theorganundercompensatoryobligations shallinstructitspersonnelortheentrustedorganizationorpersonwho hascommittedintentionalorgravemistakeinthecasetobearpartorall oftheexpensesfordamage. Thecompetentauthoritiesshall,inaccordancewithlaw,impose administrativesanctionsonthoseresponsiblepersonswhohavecommitted intentionalorgravemistakesinthecase;Ifthecaseconstitutesa crime,thecriminalresponsibilityshallbeinvestigatedaccordingtolaw. Chapter3CriminalCompensation Section1:ScopeofCompensation Article15 Whereorgansandtheirpersonnelwhichexercisethefunctionsand powersofdetection,prosecution,adjudicationandadministrationof prisoncauseanyofthefollowinginfringementsuponpersonalrightswhen exercisingtheirfunctionsandpowers,theaggrievedpersonshallhavethe righttorecoverdamages: (1)awrongdetentionofapersonwithoutcriminalfactsorwithout factsevidencingthepersonwithgrosscriminalsuspicion; (2)awrongarrestofapersonwithoutcriminalfacts; (3)anadjudicationofinnocenceisgiventochangeanoriginal sentenceintheretrialaccordingtotheprocedurefortrialsupervision, andtheoriginalsentenceofpenaltyhasbeenexecuted; (4)bodilyinjurytoordeathofacitizencausedbytorture arrangementorsuchviolentactsasbatteryorabettingothersinbattery; (5)thebodilyinjurytoordeceaseofacitizencausedbyunlawful useofweaponorpoliceapparatus. Article16 Organsandtheirpersonnelwhichexercisethefunctionsandpowersof detection,prosecution,adjudicationandadministrationofprisoncause oneofthefollowinginfringementsuponpropertyrightswhenexercising theirfunctionsandpowers,theaggrievedpersonshallhavetherightto recoverdamages: (1)wherethereisameasure,suchassealingup,distraint,freezing orrecoveryofpropertyinviolationoflaw;or (2)whereanadjudicationofinnocenceisgiventochangeanoriginal sentenceintheretrialinaccordancewiththeprocedureforretrial supervision,andtheoriginalcourtsupervisionoffineorconfiscationof propertyhasbeenexecuted. Article17 Thestateshallnotberesponsibleforcompensationinanyofthe followingcircumstances: (1)whereacitizenwasputintocustodyorwassentencedcriminal penaltybecauseofhisintentionallyfalseconfessionorfalsificationof otherevidenceofguilt; (2)whereaperson,whoshallnotbearcriminalresponsibilityin accordancewithArticle14andArticle15oftheCriminalLaw,wasput intocustody; (3)whereaperson,whoshallnotbeprosecutedforcriminal responsibilityinaccordancewithArticle11oftheCriminalprocedure Law,wasputintocustody; (4)personalactbythepersonneloftheorgansthatexercisethe functionsandpowersofdetection,prosecution,adjudicationand administrationofprison,whichdoesnotrelatetohisexerciseofthe saidfunctionsandpowers; (5)wherethedamagewascausedbysuchintentionalactsas self-injuringorself-disabling;or (6)othersituationsasprovidedforbylaw. Section2:ClaimantforCompensationandOrganforCompensatoryObligations Article18 Theclaimantforcompensationshallbedeterminedinaccordancewith Article6ofthisLaw. Article19 Whereorgansandtheirpersonnelwhichexercisethefunctionsand powersofdetection,prosecution,adjudicationandadministrationof prisoninfringeuponthelawfulrightsandinterestsofacitizen,legal personorotherorganizationwhenexercisingtheirfunctionsandpowers, theorgansshallberesponsibleforfulfillingcompensatoryobligations. Theorganwhichmakesawrongdecisiontodetainapersonwithout criminalfactsorapersonwithoutfactsevidencinggrosscriminal suspicionshallbetheorganforcompensatoryobligations. Theorganwhichmakesawrongdecisiontoarrestapersonwithout criminalfactsshallbetheorganforcompensatoryobligations. Whereasentenceisgiventochangeanoriginaljudgmentinthe retrial,thepeople’scourtwhichmadetheoriginaleffectivejudgment shallbetheorganforcompensatoryobligations.Whereanadjudicationof innocenceisgiventochangeanoriginaljudgmentinthesecondinstance, thepeople’scourtwhichmadethejudgmentoffirstinstanceandtheorgan whichmadethedecisionofarrestshallbetheorganforcompensatory obligations. Section3:ProceduresofCompensation Article20 Theorganforcompensatoryobligationsshallpaycompensationinany ofthecircumstancesasprovidedforinArticle15andArticle16ofthis Lawwhenconfirmedinaccordancewithlaw. Wheretheclaimantforcompensationdemandstheconfirmationofoneof thecircumstancesasprovidedforinArticle15andArticle16ofthisLaw andthedemandedorganrefusestomaketheconfirmation,theclaimant shallhavetherighttolodgeacomplaint. Wheretheclaimantclaimscompensation,theclaimshall,first,be lodgedtotheorganforcompensatoryobligations. Theproceduresofcompensationshallapplytotheprovisionsof Article10,Article11andArticle12ofthisLaw. Article21 Theorganforcompensatoryobligationsshall,within2monthsfromthe dateofreceiptoftheapplication,paycompensationinaccordancewith theprovisionsofChapter4ofthisLaw;incaseoffailurebyittopay compensationwithintheperiodspecifiedorwheretheclaimantisnot satisfiedwiththeamountofcompensation,theclaimantmay,within30 daysfromthedateofexpirationofthetimelimit,applyfor reconsiderationbyanorganatthenexthigherlevel. Wheretheorganundercompensatoryobligationsisapeople’scourt, theclaimantforcompensationmay,pursuanttotheprovisionsofpreceding paragraph,applytothecompensationcommissionofthepeople’scourtat thenexthigherlevelforadecisionofcompensation. Article22 Theorganforreconsiderationshall,within2monthsfromthedateof receiptoftheapplication,makeadecision. Wheretheclaimantforcompensationisnotsatisfiedwiththe reconsiderationdecision,heorshemay,within30daysfromthedateof receiptofreconsiderationdecision,applyforadecisionofcompensation tothecompensationcommissionofthepeople’scourtatthesamelevelat theplacewheretheorganforreconsiderationislocated;Failurebythe organforreconsiderationtomakeadecisionwithintheperiodspecified, theclaimantforcompensationmay,within30daysfromthedateof expirationofthetimeperiod,applyforadecisionofcompensationtothe compensationcommissionofthepeople’scourtatthesamelevelatthe placewheretheorganforreconsiderationislocated. Article23 Anintermediatepeople’scourtorthepeople’scourtabovethe intermediatelevelshallsetupacompensationcommission,whichshall consistof3to7judges. Thecompensationcommissionshallmakeadecisionofcompensationon theprincipleoftheminoritysubordinatetothemajority. Wherethedecisionofcompensationbythecompensationcommissionis ofvalidityoflaw,itmustbeexecuted. Article24 Havingpaidcompensation,theorganundercompensatoryobligations shallrecoverpartorallofthedamagesfromitspersonnelinanyofthe followingcircumstances: (1)thecircumstancesasprovidedforinArticle15(4),(5)ofthis Law;or (2)whereitspersonnelembezzleortakebriberyandembezzlementor actwronglyoutofpersonalconsiderationsorcommitfraudulentactor bringinjudgmentbypervertingthelaw. Thecompetentauthoritiesshall,inaccordancewithlaw,impose administrativesanctionsonthoseresponsiblepersonswhofallinoneof thecircumstancesasprovidedforin(1)and(2)oftheproceeding paragraph;Ifthecaseconstituteacrime,thecriminalresponsibility shallbeinvestigatedinaccordancewithlaw. Chapter4MethodsofCompensationandCalculationStandards Article25 Themainmethodofstatecompensationshallbethepaymentofdamages. Wherethepropertycanbereturnedorcanberestoredtotheoriginal state,itshallbereturnedormaderestorationtotheoriginalstate. Article26 Wherethepersonalrightsofacitizenareinfringedupon,theamount ofmoneyforcompensationperdayshallbecalculatedaccordingtothe averagesalaryperdayofthestaffofthestateintheprecedingyear. Article27 Wheretherightsoflifeandhealthofacitizenareinfringedupon, theamountofmoneyforcompensationperdayshallbecalculatedaccording tothefollowingprovisions: (1)Wherebodilyinjuryiscaused,medicalexpensesandcompensation forlossesofincomeforabsencefromworkshallbepaid.Theamountof moneyforcompensationperdayforlossesofincomeshallbecalculated accordingtotheaveragesalaryperdayofthestaffofthestateinthe precedingyear.Themaximumamountshallbefivetimesasmuchasthe annualaveragesalaryofthestaffofthestateintheprecedingyear. (2)Wherepartialortotallossoftheabilitytoworkiscaused, medicalexpensesandcompensationmoneyfordisablementshallbepaid.The amountofmoneyforcompensationfordisablementshallbecalculated accordingtotheseriousnessoflossoftheabilitytowork.Themaximum amountofcompensationmoneyforpartiallossofabilitytoworkshallbe tentimesasmuchastheannualaveragesalaryofthestaffofthestate intheprecedingyear.Themaximumamountofcompensationmoneyfortotal lossofabilitytoworkshallbetwentytimesasmuchastheannual averagesalaryofthestaffofthestateintheprecedingyear.Incaseof totallossofabilitytowork,livingexpensesshallbepaidtotheperson whoismaintainedbytheaggrievedandwithoutabilitytowork.and (3)Wheredeceaseiscaused,compensationmoneyandfuneralexpenses shallbepaid,thetotalamountofwhichshallbetwentytimesasmuchas theannualaveragesalaryofthestaffofthestateintheprecedingyear. Livingexpensesshallbepaidtothepersonwhoismaintainedbythe aggrievedbeforehisorherdeceaseandwithoutabilitytowork. Thegrantingoflivingexpensesmentionedin(2)and(3)ofthe precedingparagraphshallbemadeinlightoftherelevantprovisions concerningsubsistencereliefpromulgatedbythelocalcivil administrationdepartment.Shouldthepersonmaintainedbeajuvenile,the livingexpensesshallbepaiduntilthejuvenilereachestheageof18; Shouldthepersonbeofnoabilitytowork,thelivingexpensesshallbe paiduntilhisdecease. Article28 Wherethepropertyrightsofacitizen,legalpersonorother organizationareinfringeduponanddamageiscaused,itshallbedealt withaccordingtothefollowingprovisions: (1)incaseofimpositionofafineorpenalty,recoveryor confiscationofproperty,orexpropriationofpropertyandarticle,or appointmentofexpensesinviolationoftheprovisionsofthestate,the propertyshallbereturned; (2)incaseofsealingup,distraintandfreezingofpropertyand causingdamageordestructiontotheproperty,compensationshallbepaid accordingtotheprovisionsof(3)and(4)ofthisArticle; (3)incaseofdamagetothepropertywhichshouldbereturned,the originalstateshallberestoredifitcanbedone.Iftheoriginalstate cannotberestored,correspondingcompensationmoneyshallbepaid accordingtotheseriousnessofthedamage; (4)incaseofdestructionofthepropertywhichshouldbereturned, correspondingcompensationmoneyshallbepaid; (5)incasethepropertyhasbeenauctioned,proceedsfromtheauction shallbepaid; (6)incaseofrescissionofapermitorlicense,ordertosuspend productionorbusinessoperation,compensationshallbepaidtocoverthe necessarycurrentexpensesincurredduringthesuspensionperiod;or (7)incaseofotherdamagescausedtotheproperty,compensation shallbemadeinlightofdirectlossoftheproperty. Article29 Theexpensesforcompensationshallbelistedinthefiscalbudgetof governmentsatalllevels,thedetailedrulesofwhichshallbeformulated bytheStateCouncil. Chapter5OtherProvisions Article30 WhereanyofthecircumstancesasprovidedforinArticle3(1)and (2)andArticle15(1),(2)and(3)ofthisLaw,isconfirmedaccording tolawandcausesinfringementupontherightsofreputationandhonorof theaggrievedperson,theorgancompensatoryobligationsshalleliminate thebadeffect,rehabilitatethereputationofandmakeanapologytothe aggrievedpersontotheextentoftheinfringingactsaffected. Article31 Whereapeople’scourt,inthecourseofaciviloradministrative procedure,illegallyundertakescompulsorymeasuresagainstimpairmentof action,preservativemeasuresorwrongfullyexecutesthejudgmentor awardorotherlegaleffectivedocumentsandwhichcausesdamages,the procedurefortheclaimofcompensationbytheclaimantshallapplytothe provisionsofthisLawconcerningtheproceduresofcriminalcompensation. Article32 Theprescriptionofclaimforstatecompensationbytheclaimantshall be2years,whichshallbecalculatedfromthedayonwhichtheactof exercisingthefunctionsandpowersbytheStateorgananditspersonnel wasconfirmedunlawfulaccordingtolaw,buttheperiodofcustodyshall beexcludedfromthelimitationoftime. Wheretheclaimantforcompensationcannotexercisehisorherright ofclaimduetoforcemajeureorotherobstaclesduringthelast6months oftheprescriptionofclaimforcompensation,thelimitationoftime shallbesuspended.Thetimeofprescriptionofclaimforcompensation shallresumefromthedaywhenthegroundsforthesuspensionare eliminated. Article33 ThisLawshallbeapplicabletosuchcasesasclaimingbyaforeigner, foreignenterpriseororganizationintheterritoryofthePeople’s RepublicofChinauponthePeople’sRepublicofChinaforstate compensation. Ifthemotherstateofaforeigner,foreignenterpriseororganization doesnotprotectorimposesrestrictionsupontherightofclaimingfor statecompensationfromthatstatebyaChinesecitizen,legalentityor otherorganization,thePeople’sRepublicofChinashallfollowthe principleofreciprocitywithregardtosuchmotherstateofthesaid foreigner,foreignenterpriseororganization. Chapter6SupplementaryProvisions Article34 Wheretheclaimantclaimsforstatecompensation,theorganunder compensatoryobligations,theorganforreconsiderationandthepeople’s courtshallnotchargeanythingtotheclaimant. Taxesshallnotbelevieduponthecompensationmoneyobtainedby claimantforcompensation. Article35 ThisLawshallenterintoforceasofJanuary1,1995. Appendix:RelatedArticlesofLaws 1.CriminalLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChina Article14 Anypersonwhohasreachedtheageof16andwhocommitsacrimeshall bearcriminalresponsibility. Anypersonwhohasreachedtheageof14butnottheageof16andwho commitsahomicide,inflictingseriousbodilyinjury,robbery,arson, habitualtheftoranyothercrimeseriouslyunderminingsocialordershall bearcriminalresponsibility. Anypersonwhohasreachedtheageof14butnottheageof18andwho commitsacrimeshallbegivenalighterormitigatedpunishment. Ifapersonisnotpunishedbecausehehasnotreachedtheageof16, theheadofhisorherfamilyorhisorherguardianshallbeorderedto disciplineandeducatehimorher.Whennecessary,heorshemayalsobe takeninbythegovernmentforreeducation. Article15 Ifamentalpatientcausesdangerousconsequencesatatimewhenheor sheisunabletorecognizeorcontrolhisorherownconduct,heorshe shallnotbearcriminalresponsibility,however,hisorherfamilyor guardianshallbeorderedtomakehimorherunderstrictcustodyandgive medicaltreatment. Anypersonwhosementalillnessisofanintermittentnatureshall bearcriminalresponsibilityifheorshecommitsacrimewhenheorshe isinanormalmentalstate. Anyintoxicatedpersonwhocommitsacrimeshallbearcriminal responsibility. 2.CriminalProcedureLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChina Article11 Inanyofthefollowingcircumstances,nocriminalresponsibility shallbeinvestigated;ifinvestigationhasalreadybeenundertaken,the caseshallbedismissed,orprosecutionshallnotbeinitiated,or innocenceshallbedeclared: (1)ifanactisobviouslyofminorimportance,causingnoserious harm,andisthereforenotdeemedasacrime; (2)ifthelimitationperiodforcriminalprosecutionhasexpired; (3)ifanexemptionofcriminalpunishmenthasbeengrantedina specialamnestydecree; (4)ifthecrimeistobehandledonlyuponcomplaintaccordingtothe CriminalLaw,buttherehasbeennocomplaintorthecomplainthasbeen withdrawn; (5)ifthedefendantisdeceased;or (6)ifotherlawsordecreesprovideanexemptionfrominvestigation ofcriminalresponsibility.